Scotts Bluff National Monument – Travel guide at Wikivoyage (2024)

Scotts Bluff National Monument is a United States national monument in western Nebraska. Despite the name, there are only a few bluffs or rather large rock formations in this area. These bluffs make a dramatic impression, as they rise several hundred feet over the surrounding flat countryside.

Understand

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History

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Scotts Bluff was an important landmark along the Oregon Trail. It was first seen by the Sioux Indian tribe who used the bluff to chase and hunt buffalo, but the first-known Euro-Americans to see the rising bluffs were a group of fur traders from Spain in the 1700s.

The bluffs were given no title until 1828. A group of fur traders from St. Louis were traveling along the North Platte River. One of the men, Hiram Scott, caught a dreadful disease that could not be healed and had to be abandoned into the wild of western Nebraska for him to die. Eventually, he made it to Scotts Bluff from where they abandoned him and died at the base of the bluff. In 1828, the fur traders found his body in the vicinity and named the bluff "Scotts Bluff".

In the 1840s-1870s, Scotts Bluff was passed through by three famous trails: Oregon Trail, California Trail, and the Pony Express. The pioneers passed here and mentioned many comments about it. They also camped there, and some of them tried to climb the bluff, but they found it impossible. They gave the other formations in the area a title also, such as South Bluff, Dome Rock, Eagle Rock, Saddle Rock, and the famous Mitchell Pass.

In 1880-1890, the city of Gering was founded 4 miles east of the base of the bluff. In the 1900s, the city of Scottsbluff was founded at the north border of the North Platte River and five miles northeast of the bluffs. In 1919, there was a proposal for Scotts Bluff to become Scotts Bluff National Monument. The National Park Service (NPS) visited the bluffs to survey them.

All they called it was "a big bump in the land," but people protested back and eventually convinced NPS to make it a national monument. A trail was built in the park about five years later, and it was nicknamed "the zig-zag trail" because of its zigs and zags around the bluff. Many picnic areas were added to the park, also. Then, came a proposal to build a paved road to the summit of the bluff. The proposal was accepted, and construction began on Summit Road and the North and South Overlooks. The completion of the Summit Road ended up spending $200,000 of the park's money and took seven long years to construct. After the road was built, the park was seeing many new visitors. They decided to build a Visitor Center, which back then was only one room. These years (1930s-1940s) were nicknamed "an era of development."

More and more visitors began to visit that there became large traffic jams at the parking lot on the summit. The park rangers had to go up there sometimes and tell them to leave, but the visitors wouldn't budge. They wanted to see the fantastic views the monument has to offer. To stop the traffic jams, construction began on a larger summit parking lot (which is the parking lot used today.)

The visitor rate fell from 110,000 to 25,000 at the park each year when World War II began. Permission was given to enable farmland and rangeland to extend into the park's land during this period of time. After the war, the visitor rate per year began rising again to about 100,000.

Three additions to the Visitor Center were added. One was in the 1950s to make it a two-room building. The second was in the 1960s to make it a three-room building (like it is now.) The third was to give it a better exterior look which took place in the mid-1960s to 1970s.

Today, the monument can be seen from miles away. The picnic areas were removed, and the "zig-zag trail" was recreated to be the Saddle Rock Trail. The trail was also moved because of landslides and mudslides in the winter. Another trail was constructed to see views of the majestic Eagle Rock and to see the base of Mitchell Pass and the site where an Oregon Trail campsite was built. The visitor rate per year today is about 200,000 to low 300,000s.

Landscape

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It is believed that at one time, all of the land in this area was at the level of the top of the bluffs. Erosion over a long period of time wore down most of the land, while the harder rock at the top of the bluffs protected them from this process. There is another belief that the North Platte River used to be very large and deep and was 20-35 miles wide. Scotts Bluff used to be an island in the river. Today's landscape of the monument includes South Bluff, the bluff south of Scotts Bluff, Mitchell Pass, the formation that pioneers used to pass through the bluffs, Scotts Bluff, the largest bluff in the area where Hiram Scott's body was found, and other bluffs, such as Eagle Rock, Dome Rock, and Saddle Rock. Scotts Bluff is the third-largest point in Nebraska that rises 835 feet above the North Platte Valley. There are also rivers and springs, such as the North Platte River and Scott Springs.

Flora and fauna

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Climate

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The highest point inside the monument boundaries reaches about 4600 feet above sea level. The elevation below is only around 3800 feet above sea level. As you can see, this is quite a steep incline, creating a sudden change in climate: plains to forested buttes. The steep incline can also cause breathing problems due to change in air pressure.

Visitor information

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  • Park website
  • 1 Scotts Bluff National Monument Visitor Center. The Visitor Center at Scotts Bluff National Monument was built in 1935 but later additions took place in 1937 and 1949. The visitor center offers exhibits on the journey west and a 12-minute slide show. (updated Jul 2020)

Get in

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Scotts Bluff National Monument – Travel guide at Wikivoyage (3)

Map of Scotts Bluff National Monument

Scotts Bluff National Monument is five miles southwest of the town of Scottsbluff, Nebraska and three miles west of Gering, Nebraska on SR 92.

Fees and permits

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There are no entrance fees charged for visiting the monument.

Get around

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Private vehicles can be driven to the top of one of the bluffs. Or, you can hike up the Saddle Rock Trail. A free shuttle service is also offered during the summer months.

See

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  • Bluffs. These rocky formations tower a few hundred feet above the surrounding plains of the area. They were a landmark for westward-bound pioneers during the 1800s.
  • 1 Mitchell Pass. The way pioneers used to pass through the bluff. (updated Jul 2020)
  • Saddle Rock Trail. The trail is 1.6 miles long and takes you to the parts of the bluffs that the Summit Road cannot.
  • Summit Road. The road that takes you to the summit of the bluffs.
  • Overlooks. Trails that lead to overlooks to see the North Platte Valley in bird's eye view.

Do

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There are many things to do in the monument. The average time spent by a visitor is 1-2 hours.

Buy

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There is a gift shop in the Visitor Center or Oregon Trail Museum.

Eat

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There are many restaurants located in Scottsbluff and Gering.

Drink

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There may be water fountains in the Visitor Center.

Sleep

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Lodging

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There is a large choice of hotels in Gering and Scottsbluff.

Camping

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There is no camping allowed inside the borders of the monument.

Backcountry

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The 1.6-mile long Saddle Rock Trail and the 0.5-mile long Wagon Train Trail will take you to spectacular views of the monument and bluffs.

Stay safe

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Stay on the trails at all times. Being off the trails will make you a good target for rattlesnakes and will accelerate erosion. You may get lost if off the trail.

Go next

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  • Agate Fossil Beds National Monument 55 mi. N
  • Chimney Rock National Historic Site 24 mi. SE
  • Fort Laramie National Historic Site 34 mi. NW
  • Wildcat Hills State Recreation Area 10 mi. S
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Scotts Bluff National Monument – Travel guide at Wikivoyage (2024)

FAQs

How much time to spend at Scotts Bluff National Monument? ›

We spent almost a full day in Scotts Bluff, enjoying the hikes of the North and South Overlooks after driving to the top, and the Oregon Trail Pathway and Prairie View Trail, both near the visitor center.

Can you see Wagon ruts at Scott's Bluff? ›

As such, more than 300,000 emigrants, and their wagons and livestock, had to travel on the same strip of land. Eventually, deep ruts formed as a result of this traffic. These ruts are still visible today and are now a part of Scotts Bluff National Monument.

What is Scott's Bluff, Nebraska famous for? ›

There are nearly 4 miles of trails to choose from when hiking at Scotts Bluff National Monument. Drive the 1.6 mile Summit Road to catch a view from the top of Scotts Bluff. Scotts Bluff National Monument is home to the world's largest collection of William Henry Jackson's artworks.

What is the elevation of Scotts Bluff National Monument? ›

What is the elevation at the summit? 4,659 feet (1,420 meters). About 800 feet (244 meters) above the North Platte River.

Is Chimney Rock, Nebraska worth it? ›

This is a worthwhile place to visit, especially for American West history buffs. It is probably the best known landmark of the old west trails. There is a nice little museum close by, with hiking trails to the rock. Chimney Rock and Family History!

Is Scottsbluff worth visiting? ›

We really were glad we had the opportunity to see this special place. Not only are the surrounding views awesome, but the area is very important historically as the passageway for the Oregon and Mormon trails.

Are wagon trails still visible? ›

Wagon ruts are still visible in numerous places along the route. Among the deepest and best-preserved of them are those found near Guernsey in southeastern Wyoming, where in some places they are worn up to 5 feet (1.5 metres) into the sandstone.

Why was Scott's Bluff important to the Oregon Trail? ›

Beginning in 1841, multitudes of settlers passed by Scotts Bluff on their way west along the Great Platte River Road to Oregon, and later California and Utah. All these groups used the bluff as a major landmark for navigation.

Where are Oregon Trail wagon ruts? ›

Oregon Trail Ruts State Historic Site is a preserved site of wagon ruts of the Oregon Trail on the North Platte River, about 0.5 miles south of Guernsey, Wyoming. The Oregon Trail here was winding up towards South Pass.

Is Scotts Bluff Nebraska a good place to retire? ›

Scottsbluff: Scottsbluff is a small city of around 15,000 people located in the western part of Nebraska. It offers retirees access to numerous parks, trails, and outdoor activities, as well as affordable housing options.

Can you climb Scotts Bluff? ›

Scotts Bluff is at the heart of the 3,000-acre Scotts Bluff National Monument. The monument has a visitors center and several hiking trails. While the 1.6-mile Saddle Rock Trail gives visitors a chance to hike to the summit, climbing the other summits in the monument is not allowed.

What is the geology of Scotts Bluff National Monument? ›

Wind and stream deposits of sand and mud, wind deposits of volcanic ash, and supersaturated groundwater rich in lime formed the layers of sandstone, siltstone, volcanic ash and limestone that now comprise Scotts Bluff's steep elevation, ridges, and the broad alluvial fans at its base.

How many national parks are there in Nebraska? ›

There are 5 National Parks in Nebraska, including service sites recognized by the U.S. National Parks System. One of these sites, Missouri National Recreational River, is shared with South Dakota.

How long does it take to climb the Scott monument? ›

It takes 5-10 minutes to climb all of the stairs and sepnd another 30 to take in the breathtaking views from the observation gallery at the summit. Along the way, visitors can admire intricate carvings and statues that commemorate Sir Walter Scott and his works.

How long does it take to visit Petroglyph National Monument? ›

See approximately 300 petroglyphs in 1.5-2 hours. Leashed pets are not allowed on the petroglyph viewing portion of the trail. Please walk your pet on the trail in the middle of the canyon. Piedras Marcadas Canyon- Open daily sunrise to sunset.

How much does it cost to go to Scotts Bluff National Monument? ›

There are no entrance fees or park passes required for visiting Scotts Bluff National Monument. Hiking trails in the Monument are open from sunrise until sunset. Click on the link above for more information about hiking. The Scotts Bluff Summit Road is the oldest concrete road in the state of Nebraska.

How much time is needed at Colorado National Monument? ›

Colorado National Monument can be easily seen in just a half-day. A few hours will allow you time to drive the scenic road and check out 1-2 of the trails. However, if you're an avid hiker, you can easily find enough trails to keep you interested for 1-2 days.

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